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<p><b>Paul Berg</b> (* <a href="30._Juni" title="30. Juni">30. Juni</a> <a href="1926" title="1926">1926</a> in <a href="New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="New_York_(Bundesstaat)" title="New York (Bundesstaat)">New York</a>; † <a href="15._Februar" title="15. Februar">15. Februar</a> <a href="2023" title="2023">2023</a> in <a href="Stanford_(Kalifornien)" title="Stanford (Kalifornien)">Stanford</a>, <a href="Kalifornien" title="Kalifornien">Kalifornien</a>) war ein <a href="Vereinigte_Staaten" title="Vereinigte Staaten">US-amerikanischer</a> <a href="Biochemie" title="Biochemie">Biochemiker</a> und <a href="Molekularbiologie" title="Molekularbiologie">Molekularbiologe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1980 wurde ihm der <a href="Nobelpreis_f%C3%BCr_Chemie" title="Nobelpreis für Chemie">Nobelpreis für Chemie</a> für seine Beiträge zur Biochemie der <a href="Nukleins%C3%A4ure" class="mw-redirect" title="Nukleinsäure">Nukleinsäuren</a> und zur Entwicklung der DNA-Rekombinationsmethoden verliehen.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben">Leben</h2></div>

<p>Paul Berg wurde 1926 in New York geboren und studierte bis 1948 an der <a href="Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State University</a>. 1952 wurde er an der <a href="Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve University</a> in <a href="Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> promoviert. Sein Ruf auf eine Professur für Biochemie an die <a href="Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> in <a href="Kalifornien" title="Kalifornien">Kalifornien</a> erfolgte 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>Während gemeinsam mit ihm <a href="Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a> und <a href="Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> für ihre Arbeiten zur Sequenzierung der DNA mit dem Nobelpreis ausgezeichnet wurden, befasste sich Berg vor allem mit den Methoden der rekombinanten DNA-Technologie. Ab 1965 interessierte er sich für die Forschungen von <a href="Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Renato Dulbecco</a> zum <a href="Polyomaviridae" title="Polyomaviridae">Polyomavirus</a>. Während eines „Sabbatical Year“ in Dulbeccos Labor im Jahre 1967/68 entwickelte er die Idee, dass eine virusvermittelte Tumorentstehung mit einer Integration des Virusgenoms ins Wirtszellgenom und der folgenden Expression von viralen Genen in der Wirtszelle zusammenhing. Er fasste den Entschluss, in den nächsten Jahren SV40 als Modellorganismus für die Tumorforschung und zur Entwicklung der später sogenannten rekombinanten DNA-Techniken zu verwenden.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1972 veröffentlichte er die Ergebnisse eines Experimentes, bei dem in seinem Labor ein sogenanntes „Hybdrid-Genom“ aus dem Viruschromosom und <a href="Plasmid" title="Plasmid">Plasmid</a>-DNA erzeugt wurde. Dabei enthielt das Plasmid Teile der DNA des <a href="Bakteriophage_Lambda" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakteriophage Lambda">Bakteriophagen Lambda</a> und dreier E-Coli-Gene, die für die bakterielle Galaktoseverwertung zuständig sind.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1979 publizierte er die Ergebnisse des erfolgreichen Versuches, mithilfe von SV40 das <a href="%CE%92-Globin" title="Β-Globin">β-Globin</a>-Gen von Kaninchen in Nierenzellen von Affen zu exprimieren.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Trotz seiner persönlichen Erfolge und Fortschritte bei der DNA-Forschung warnte Paul Berg vor den Risiken dieser Technik und war hauptverantwortlich für das 1975 auf der <a href="Asilomar_Conference_on_Recombinant_DNA" title="Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA">Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA</a> international beschlossene Moratorium zur <a href="Gentechnik" title="Gentechnik">Gentechnik</a>, welches über mehrere Jahre die Forschung an bestimmten, besonders heiklen Experimenten durch freiwilligen Verzicht unterband.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auszeichnungen_(Auswahl)"><span id="Auszeichnungen_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Auszeichnungen (Auswahl)</h2></div>

<ul><li>1959: <a href="Eli_Lilly_Award_in_Biological_Chemistry" title="Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry">Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry</a></li>

<li>1966: Mitglied der <a href="American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></li>

<li>1966: Mitglied der <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a></li>

<li>1966: Fellow der <a href="American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a></li>

<li>1980: <a href="Albert_Lasker_Award_for_Basic_Medical_Research" title="Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research">Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research</a></li>

<li>1980: <a href="Gairdner_Foundation_International_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Gairdner Foundation International Award">Gairdner Foundation International Award</a></li>

<li>1980: <a href="Nobelpreis_f%C3%BCr_Chemie" title="Nobelpreis für Chemie">Nobelpreis für Chemie</a></li>

<li>1981: Mitglied der <a href="Acad%C3%A9mie_des_sciences" title="Académie des sciences">Académie des sciences</a></li>

<li>1983: <a href="National_Medal_of_Science" title="National Medal of Science">National Medal of Science</a> für Biologie</li>

<li>1983: Mitglied der <a href="American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a></li>

<li>1996: Mitglied der <a href="P%C3%A4pstliche_Akademie_der_Wissenschaften" title="Päpstliche Akademie der Wissenschaften">Päpstlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften</a></li>

<li>1999: <a href="Max-Delbr%C3%BCck-Medaille" title="Max-Delbrück-Medaille">Max-Delbrück-Medaille</a></li>

<li>2005: <a href="Biotechnology_Heritage_Award" title="Biotechnology Heritage Award">Biotechnology Heritage Award</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>

<ul><li>David Baltimore: <i>Paul Berg (1926–2023).</i> In: <i><a href="Science" title="Science">Science</a>.</i> Band 379, Nr. 6637, 2023, S. 1095, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adh2943" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1126/science.adh2943">doi:10.1126/science.adh2943</a>.</li>

<li>Errol Friedberg: <i>Paul Berg (1926–2023). Biochemist who invented recombinant DNA technology.</i> In: <i><a href="Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a>.</i> Band 615, 2023, S. 581, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00792-w" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1038/d41586-023-00792-w">doi:10.1038/d41586-023-00792-w</a>.</li>

<li>Stephen P. Goff und Thomas Shenk: <i>Paul Berg: Recombinant DNA trailblazer.</i> In: <i><a href="Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America">PNAS</a>.</i> Band 120, Nr. 47, 2023, e2318196120, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2318196120" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1073/pnas.2318196120">doi:10.1073/pnas.2318196120</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paul_Berg?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Paul Berg</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/summary/">Informationen</a> der <a href="Nobelpreis" title="Nobelpreis">Nobelstiftung</a> zur Preisverleihung 1980 an Paul Berg (englisch)<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&query=131448382">Literatur von und über Paul Berg</a> im Katalog der <a href="Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek">Deutschen Nationalbibliothek</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=1219">Informationen</a> zu und <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academictree.org/chemistry/tree.php?pid=1219">akademischer Stammbaum</a> von <i>Paul Berg</i> bei academictree.org<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Brian Murphy: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/02/18/paul-berg-dna-nobel-dies/"><i>Paul Berg, pioneer in gene splicing who led way for biotech, dies at 96.</i></a> In: <i>washingtonpost.com.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 20. Februar 2023</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Berg&rft.title=Paul+Berg%2C+pioneer+in+gene+splicing+who+led+way+for+biotech%2C+dies+at+96&rft.description=Paul+Berg%2C+pioneer+in+gene+splicing+who+led+way+for+biotech%2C+dies+at+96&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fobituaries%2F2023%2F02%2F18%2Fpaul-berg-dna-nobel-dies%2F&rft.creator=Brian+Murphy&rft.date="> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/berg/facts/"><i>Facts.</i></a> In: <i>nobelprize.org.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 20. Februar 2023</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Berg&rft.title=Facts&rft.description=Facts&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F1980%2Fberg%2Ffacts%2F&rft.date=&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/berg/cv/"><i>Curriculum Vitae.</i></a> In: <i>nobelprize.org.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 20. Februar 2023</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Berg&rft.title=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.description=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F1980%2Fberg%2Fcv%2F&rft.date=&rft.language=en"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/berg-lecture.pdf"><i>Dissections and Reconstructions of Genes and Chromosomes.</i></a> Paul Berg, Nobel-Lecture 1980 (PDF 663 KB).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Berg, Janet E. Mertz: <cite style="font-style:italic">Personal Reflections on the Origins and Emergence of Recombinant DNA Technology</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Genetics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>184</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, 2010, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9–17</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.109.112144">10.1534/genetics.109.112144</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20061565?dopt=Abstract">PMID 20061565</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2815933/">PMC 2815933</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Paul+Berg&rft.atitle=Personal+Reflections+on+the+Origins+and+Emergence+of+Recombinant+DNA+Technology&rft.au=Paul+Berg%2C+Janet+E.+Mertz&rft.date=2010&rft.doi=10.1534%2Fgenetics.109.112144&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.pages=9-17&rft.pmc=2815933&rft.pmid=20061565&rft.volume=184" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David A. Jackson, Robert H. Symons, Paul Berg: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biochemical Method for Inserting New Genetic Information into DNA of Simian Virus 40: Circular SV40 DNA Molecules Containing Lambda Phage Genes and the Galactose Operon of Escherichia coli</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>69</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>10</span>, 1972, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2904–2909</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.69.10.2904">10.1073/pnas.69.10.2904</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4342968?dopt=Abstract">PMID 4342968</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC389671/">PMC 389671</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Paul+Berg&rft.atitle=Biochemical+Method+for+Inserting+New+Genetic+Information+into+DNA+of+Simian+Virus+40%3A+Circular+SV40+DNA+Molecules+Containing+Lambda+Phage+Genes+and+the+Galactose+Operon+of+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=David+A.+Jackson%2C+Robert+H.+Symons%2C+Paul+Berg&rft.date=1972&rft.doi=10.1073%2Fpnas.69.10.2904&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=10&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.pages=2904-2909&rft.pmc=389671&rft.pmid=4342968&rft.volume=69" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard C. Mulligan, Bruce D. Howard, Paul Berg: <cite style="font-style:italic">Synthesis of rabbit β-globin in cultured monkey kidney cells following infection with a SV40 β-globin recombinant genome</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>277</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5692</span>, 1979, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>108–114</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/277108a0">10.1038/277108a0</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/215915?dopt=Abstract">PMID 215915</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Paul+Berg&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+rabbit+%CE%B2-globin+in+cultured+monkey+kidney+cells+following+infection+with+a+SV40+%CE%B2-globin+recombinant+genome&rft.au=Richard+C.+Mulligan%2C+Bruce+D.+Howard%2C+Paul+Berg&rft.date=1979&rft.doi=10.1038%2F277108a0&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5692&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=108-114&rft.pmid=215915&rft.volume=277" style="display:none"> </span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/cd/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101584580X156-doc">Summary Statement of the Asilomar Conference</a>. Juni 1975</span>

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<div class="klappleiste-kopf"><a href="Liste_der_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_f%C3%BCr_Chemie" title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Chemie">Träger des Nobelpreises für Chemie</a></div>

<p>1901: <a href="Jacobus_Henricus_van_%E2%80%99t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van ’t Hoff">van ’t Hoff</a> |

1902: <a href="Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">E. Fischer</a> |

1903: <a href="Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Arrhenius</a> |

1904: <a href="William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Ramsay</a> |

1905: <a href="Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">von Baeyer</a> |

1906: <a href="Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Moissan</a> |

1907: <a href="Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Buchner</a> |

1908: <a href="Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a> |

1909: <a href="Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Ostwald</a> |

1910: <a href="Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Wallach</a> |

1911: <a href="Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Curie</a> |

1912: <a href="Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Grignard</a>, <a href="Paul_Sabatier_(Chemiker)" title="Paul Sabatier (Chemiker)">Sabatier</a> |

1913: <a href="Alfred_Werner_(Chemiker)" title="Alfred Werner (Chemiker)">Werner</a> |

1914: <a href="Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Richards</a> |

1915: <a href="Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Willstätter</a> |

1916–1917: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1918: <a href="Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Haber</a> |

1919: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1920: <a href="Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Nernst</a> |

1921: <a href="Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Soddy</a> |

1922: <a href="Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Aston</a> |

1923: <a href="Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Pregl</a> |

1924: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1925: <a href="Richard_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Zsigmondy">Zsigmondy</a> |

1926: <a href="The_Svedberg" title="The Svedberg">Svedberg</a> |

1927: <a href="Heinrich_Wieland" title="Heinrich Wieland">Wieland</a> |

1928: <a href="Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Windaus</a> |

1929: <a href="Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Harden</a>, <a href="Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">von Euler-Chelpin</a> |

1930: <a href="Hans_Fischer_(Chemiker)" title="Hans Fischer (Chemiker)">H. Fischer</a> |

1931: <a href="Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Bosch</a>, <a href="Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Bergius</a> |

1932: <a href="Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Langmuir</a> |

1933: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1934: <a href="Harold_C._Urey" title="Harold C. Urey">Urey</a> |

1935: <a href="Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">F. Joliot-Curie</a>, <a href="Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">I. Joliot-Curie</a> |

1936: <a href="Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Debye</a> |

1937: <a href="Walter_Norman_Haworth" title="Walter Norman Haworth">Haworth</a>, <a href="Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Karrer</a> |

1938: <a href="Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Kuhn</a> |

1939: <a href="Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Butenandt</a> |

1940–1942: <i>nicht verliehen</i> |

1943: <a href="George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">de Hevesy</a> |

1944: <a href="Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Hahn</a> |

1945: <a href="Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Virtanen</a> |

1946: <a href="James_Batcheller_Sumner" title="James Batcheller Sumner">Sumner</a>, <a href="John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">Northrop</a>, <a href="Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Stanley</a> |

1947: <a href="Robert_Robinson" title="Robert Robinson">Robinson</a> |

1948: <a href="Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Tiselius</a> |

1949: <a href="William_Francis_Giauque" title="William Francis Giauque">Giauque</a> |

1950: <a href="Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Diels</a>, <a href="Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Alder</a> |

1951: <a href="Edwin_Mattison_McMillan" title="Edwin Mattison McMillan">McMillan</a>, <a href="Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Seaborg</a> |

1952: <a href="Archer_J._P._Martin" title="Archer J. P. Martin">Martin</a>, <a href="Richard_L._M._Synge" title="Richard L. M. Synge">Synge</a> |

1953: <a href="Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Staudinger</a> |

1954: <a href="Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Pauling</a> |

1955: <a href="Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vigneaud</a> |

1956: <a href="Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Hinshelwood</a>, <a href="Nikolai_Nikolajewitsch_Semjonow" title="Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Semjonow">Semjonow</a> |

1957: <a href="Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd">Todd</a> |

1958: <a href="Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Sanger</a> |

1959: <a href="Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Heyrovský</a> |

1960: <a href="Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Libby</a> |

1961: <a href="Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Calvin</a> |

1962: <a href="Max_Ferdinand_Perutz" title="Max Ferdinand Perutz">Perutz</a>, <a href="John_Cowdery_Kendrew" title="John Cowdery Kendrew">Kendrew</a> |

1963: <a href="Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Ziegler</a>, <a href="Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Natta</a> |

1964: <a href="Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a> |

1965: <a href="Robert_B._Woodward" title="Robert B. Woodward">Woodward</a> |

1966: <a href="Robert_Mulliken" title="Robert Mulliken">Mulliken</a> |

1967: <a href="Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Eigen</a>, <a href="Ronald_George_Wreyford_Norrish" title="Ronald George Wreyford Norrish">Norrish</a>, <a href="George_Porter%2C_Baron_Porter_of_Luddenham" title="George Porter, Baron Porter of Luddenham">Porter</a> |

1968: <a href="Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Onsager</a> |

1969: <a href="Derek_H._R._Barton" title="Derek H. R. Barton">Barton</a>, <a href="Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Hassel</a> |

1970: <a href="Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Leloir</a> |

1971: <a href="Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Herzberg</a> |

1972: <a href="Christian_B._Anfinsen" title="Christian B. Anfinsen">Anfinsen</a>, <a href="Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Moore</a>, <a href="William_Howard_Stein" title="William Howard Stein">Stein</a> |

1973: <a href="Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">E. O. Fischer</a>, <a href="Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a> |

1974: <a href="Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Flory</a> |

1975: <a href="John_W._Cornforth" title="John W. Cornforth">Cornforth</a>, <a href="Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Prelog</a> |

1976: <a href="William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">Lipscomb</a> |

1977: <a href="Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Prigogine</a> |

1978: <a href="Peter_D._Mitchell" title="Peter D. Mitchell">Mitchell</a> |

1979: <a href="Herbert_Charles_Brown" title="Herbert Charles Brown">Brown</a>, <a href="Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Wittig</a> |

1980: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Berg</a>, <a href="Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Gilbert</a>, <a href="Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Sanger</a> |

1981: <a href="Fukui_Ken%E2%80%99ichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukui Ken’ichi">Fukui</a>, <a href="Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a> |

1982: <a href="Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Klug</a> |

1983: <a href="Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Taube</a> |

1984: <a href="Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Merrifield</a> |

1985: <a href="Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Hauptman</a>, <a href="Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Karle</a> |

1986: <a href="Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Herschbach</a>, <a href="Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Lee</a>, <a href="John_C._Polanyi" title="John C. Polanyi">Polanyi</a> |

1987: <a href="Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Cram</a>, <a href="Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Lehn</a>, <a href="Charles_Pedersen" title="Charles Pedersen">Pedersen</a> |

1988: <a href="Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Deisenhofer</a>, <a href="Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Huber</a>, <a href="Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Michel</a> |

1989: <a href="Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Altman</a>, <a href="Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech">Cech</a> |

1990: <a href="Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Corey</a> |

1991: <a href="Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Ernst</a> |

1992: <a href="Rudolph_Arthur_Marcus" title="Rudolph Arthur Marcus">Marcus</a> |

1993: <a href="Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Mullis</a>, <a href="Michael_Smith_(Chemiker)" title="Michael Smith (Chemiker)">Smith</a> |

1994: <a href="George_A._Olah" title="George A. Olah">Olah</a> |

1995: <a href="Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Crutzen</a>, <a href="Mario_J._Molina" title="Mario J. Molina">Molina</a>, <a href="Frank_Sherwood_Rowland" title="Frank Sherwood Rowland">Rowland</a> |

1996: <a href="Robert_F._Curl" title="Robert F. Curl">Curl</a>, <a href="Harold_Kroto" title="Harold Kroto">Kroto</a>, <a href="Richard_E._Smalley" title="Richard E. Smalley">Smalley</a> |

1997: <a href="Paul_Delos_Boyer" title="Paul Delos Boyer">Boyer</a>, <a href="John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">Walker</a>, <a href="Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Skou</a> |

1998: <a href="Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Kohn</a>, <a href="John_Anthony_Pople" title="John Anthony Pople">Pople</a> |

1999: <a href="Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Zewail</a> |

2000: <a href="Alan_J._Heeger" title="Alan J. Heeger">Heeger</a>, <a href="Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">MacDiarmid</a>, <a href="Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Shirakawa</a> |

2001: <a href="William_S._Knowles" title="William S. Knowles">Knowles</a>, <a href="Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Noyori</a>, <a href="Barry_Sharpless" title="Barry Sharpless">Sharpless</a> |

2002: <a href="John_B._Fenn" title="John B. Fenn">Fenn</a>, <a href="K%C5%8Dichi_Tanaka" title="Kōichi Tanaka">Tanaka</a>, <a href="Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Wüthrich</a> |

2003: <a href="Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Agre</a>, <a href="Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">MacKinnon</a> |

2004: <a href="Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Ciechanover</a>, <a href="Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Hershko</a>, <a href="Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Rose</a> |

2005: <a href="Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Chauvin</a>, <a href="Robert_Grubbs" title="Robert Grubbs">Grubbs</a>, <a href="Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Schrock</a> |

2006: <a href="Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Kornberg</a> |

2007: <a href="Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Ertl</a> |

2008: <a href="Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Shimomura</a>, <a href="Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Chalfie</a>, <a href="Roger_Tsien" title="Roger Tsien">Tsien</a> |

2009: <a href="Venkatraman_Ramakrishnan" title="Venkatraman Ramakrishnan">Ramakrishnan</a>, <a href="Thomas_A._Steitz" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Steitz</a>, <a href="Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Yonath</a> |

2010: <a href="Richard_F._Heck" title="Richard F. Heck">Heck</a>, <a href="Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Negishi</a>, <a href="Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Suzuki</a> |

2011: <a href="Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Shechtman</a> |

2012: <a href="Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Lefkowitz</a>, <a href="Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Kobilka</a> |

2013: <a href="Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Karplus</a>, <a href="Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Levitt</a>, <a href="Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Warshel</a> |

2014: <a href="Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Betzig</a>, <a href="Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Hell</a>, <a href="William_Moerner" title="William Moerner">Moerner</a> |

2015: <a href="Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Lindahl</a>, <a href="Paul_Modrich" title="Paul Modrich">Modrich</a>, <a href="Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Sancar</a> |

2016: <a href="Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Sauvage</a>, <a href="Fraser_Stoddart" title="Fraser Stoddart">Stoddart</a>, <a href="Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Feringa</a> |

2017: <a href="Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Dubochet</a>, <a href="Joachim_Frank_(Biologe)" title="Joachim Frank (Biologe)">Frank</a>, <a href="Richard_Henderson" title="Richard Henderson">Henderson</a> |

2018: <a href="Frances_H._Arnold" title="Frances H. Arnold">Arnold</a>, <a href="George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith">Smith</a>, <a href="Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Winter</a> |

2019: <a href="John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">Goodenough</a>, <a href="M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">Whittingham</a>, <a href="Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Yoshino</a> |

2020: <a href="Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Charpentier</a>, <a href="Jennifer_A._Doudna" title="Jennifer A. Doudna">Doudna</a> |

2021: <a href="Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">List</a>, <a href="David_MacMillan_(Chemiker)" title="David MacMillan (Chemiker)">MacMillan</a> |

2022: <a href="Carolyn_Bertozzi" title="Carolyn Bertozzi">Bertozzi</a>, <a href="Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Meldal</a>, <a href="Barry_Sharpless" title="Barry Sharpless">Sharpless</a> |

2023: <a href="Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Bawendi</a>, <a href="Louis_Brus" title="Louis Brus">Brus</a>, <a href="Alexei_Iwanowitsch_Jekimow" title="Alexei Iwanowitsch Jekimow">Jekimow</a> |

2024: <a href="David_Baker_(Biochemiker)" title="David Baker (Biochemiker)">Baker</a>, <a href="Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Hassabis</a>, <a href="John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">Jumper</a> |

2025: <a href="Susumu_Kitagawa" title="Susumu Kitagawa">Kitagawa</a>, <a href="Richard_Robson_(Chemiker)" title="Richard Robson (Chemiker)">Robson</a>, <a href="Omar_Yaghi" title="Omar Yaghi">Yaghi</a>

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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/131448382">131448382</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr91001139">nr91001139</a></span> | <a href="Web_NDL_Authorities" title="Web NDL Authorities">NDL</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00463135">00463135</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/52821352/">52821352</a></span> |  | Anmerkung: <i>VIAF zeigt fälschlicherweise den nicht individualisierten GND-Eintrag 102033846</i></div>

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